Intensive Archeological Survey for Proposed Improvements to Farm-to-Market Road 2100 from South Diamondhead Boulevard to FM 1960 Harris County, Texas

An intensive archeological survey was completed in order to inventory and evaluate archeological resources within the footprint of proposed widening improvements to Farm-to-Market Road (FM) 2100 between South Diamondhead Boulevard (Blvd) and FM 1960 in eastern Harris County, Texas. The project is approximately 7.7 miles or 12.4 kilometers (km) in length and has a typical width of between 100 to 300 feet (ft) or 30 to 91 meters (m); the project will be up to 1,000 ft or 305 m wide at detention pond locations. The APE is 204 acres or 83 hectares with 107 acres or 43 hectares of the total being new right-of-way. Typical roadway construction would occur within 2 ft or 0.6 m, with possible deeper impacts for construction of drainage elements and a presumed depth of up to 10 ft or 3 m at detention ponds. Fieldwork was conducted on April 20, 2015, and on July 21-22, 2015, under Texas Antiquities Permit (TAP) 7228. Based on the review of the Houston Potential Archeological Liability Map (PALM), most of the project area (168.18 acres) was determined to fall within Map Unit 4, for which survey is not recommended. The review of the PALM indicated that the remainder of the project area (35.82 acres) should be subjected to varying stages of intensive survey, including the excavation of shovel tests and/or mechanical trenching. All of the acreage subject to a level of intensive survey was determined to have been subjected to ground-disturbing activities associated with agriculture, erosion, and construction and maintenance of the existing road. No new archeological sites were identified during the survey and no artifacts were identified or recovered. Project records will be curated at the Center for Archeological Studies (CAS) at Texas State University

Archeological Survey For The Proposed Brazos Electric Power Cooperative, Inc. Oak Point Substation And Transmission Line, Denton County, Texas

On June 14-15, 2017, an intensive archeological survey was completed in order to evaluate potential impacts associated with the proposed construction of a new electrical substation on an approximately 5-acre (2.0-hectare) parcel and approximately 8.10 miles (13.0 kilometers) of transmission line within a 70-foot-wide (21.3-meter) easement in east central Denton County, Texas. A total of 73.71 acres were examined. The Brazos Electric Power Cooperative, Inc. project would be situated east of Farmto-Market Road 720 and south of Martop Road in the vicinity of Oak Point in east central Denton County and proceeding north to a tap point along an existing Brazos Electric 138-kV transmission line generally located northeast of Bailey Lane, which is southeast of Krugerville. Melissa M. Green (Principal Investigator) of Cox|McLain Environmental Consulting, Inc. carried out the survey for Brazos Electric Power Cooperative, Inc. and the United States Department of Agriculture, Rural Utilities Service under Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended. A Texas Antiquities Permit was not required. Based on background review of available data, the potential for intact archeological deposits was considered low along the project corridor. Ground surface visibility varied across area of potential effects (APE) between 0 and 100 percent depending on the area. Fourteen shovel test units were excavated in order to examine the subsurface in areas where the potential for archeological deposits might be expected. Only one shovel test yielded an artifact during the survey. The majority of the corridor has been utilized for agricultural practices and grazing in the past and in recent years, but urban development of the general area is rapidly encroaching on the rural feel of the area. Two historic cemeteries are located immediately adjacent to the corridor in the southern half of the transmission line path, but will not be impacted; the possibility of impacts to unmarked graves in the path of the line is low, since no transmission towers or other project components with ground disturbance potential will be placed in the vicinity of either of the cemeteries’ boundaries. Two historic-age structures were identified during the survey, but have lost integrity and are recommended not eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places. No further work is recommended within the APE prior to the construction of the proposed substation or transmission line corridor. No artifacts were collected during the investigation however, all notes, photographs, administrative documents, and other project data will be made permanently available to future researchers via an appropriate public facility. If any unanticipated cultural materials or deposits are found at any stage of clearing, preparation, or construction, the work should cease and Texas Historical Commission personnel should be notified immediately. The Texas Historical Commission concurred with the findings and recommendations of this report on October 25, 2017

Intensive Archeological Survey For The Proposed Widening Of Fairgrounds Road Between Loop 250 And Pecan Avenue, Midland County, Texas

In October 2014, an intensive archeological survey was completed in order to inventory and evaluate archeological resources within the footprint of proposed road widening along Fairgrounds Road between Loop 250 and Pecan Avenue in northeast Midland, Midland County, Texas. The archeological area of potential effects (APE) is approximately 1.5 miles (2.4 km) of existing and additional proposed right-of-way. At the time of this investigation, a preferred alignment was still under consideration. Therefore, the entire proposed and existing right-of-way for all alternative alignments was surveyed. The right-of-way reaches a maximum width of approximately 150 feet (ft) or 45.7 meters (m) for a total of 22 acres (ac) including 2 ac of new right-of-way. Depth of impacts in the APE would be limited to less than 3 ft. The work was carried out for the City of Midland under Texas Antiquities Permit 7059 by Chris Dayton and Melissa Green (Principal Investigator) of Cox|McLain Environmental Consulting, Inc. (CMEC), a subcontractor to Dunaway Associates. Ground surfaces within the APE ranged from low (20 to 40 percent) to highly visible (between 50 and 90 percent). Much of the APE, including the 2 acres of proposed right-of-way, is considered disturbed from the construction and maintenance of Fairgrounds Road, installation of utilities, grading for shoulders and drainage, bioturbation, and erosion. The project corridor is in a mixed open land, commercial/industrial, residential, and recreational area; the Hogan Park and Richland Hills Country Club golf courses abut Fairgrounds Road on the west side. A total of nine shovel test units were excavated where ground visibility was lowest, near the north end of the corridor. No archeological or other cultural resources were encountered during the survey. One previously recorded archeological site, 41MD34, was mapped near the APE to warrant a revisit. It was found that much of 41MD34 is highly disturbed and/or destroyed. No cultural materials, features, or deposits were noted in the right-of-way near the site nor in the portion of the site that access was granted, and the site appears to be highly disturbed from oil and gas activities. No materials were collected; therefore, this project generated no archeological materials to be curated. Notes, forms, and other project data will be made permanently available to future researchers at Texas Archeological Research Laboratory (TARL) at the University of Texas at Austin as per TAC 26.16 and 26.17. The Texas Historical Commission (THC) concurred with the findings and recommendations in this report on December 5, 2014

Archeological Survey For The Proposed Singing Hills Recreation Center Dallas County, Texas

On December 29, 2014, an intensive archeological survey was completed in order to evaluate potential archeological impacts associated with the proposed construction of a new recreation center within an approximately 10-acre (4-hectare) parcel in south central Dallas County, Texas. Melissa M. Green (Principal Investigator) of Cox|McLain Environmental Consulting, Inc. (CMEC) carried out the survey for City of Dallas Park and Recreation, a subentity of the State of Texas, under the Antiquities Code of Texas (9 TNRC 191). CMEC conducted the survey under Texas Antiquities Permit 7121. Ground surface visibility across most of the 10-acre area of potential effects (APE) was variable and ranged between 0 and 50 percent. The APE was once farmland, but is currently open land with invasive vegetation. Extensive ground disturbances and dumping were noted. No cultural resources were identified during the survey. All materials (notes, photographs, administrative documents, and other project data) generated from this work will be housed at the Texas Archeological Research Laboratory (TARL) at the University of Texas at Austin where they will be made permanently available to future researchers as per 13 TAC 26.16-17. If any unanticipated cultural materials or deposits are found at any stage of clearing, preparation, or construction, the work should cease and Texas Historical Commission (THC) personnel should be notified immediately. The THC concurred with the findings and recommendations of this report on January 6, 2015

Archeological Survey For The Proposed Brazos Electric Power Cooperative, Inc., Maypearl Natural Gas Electric Generation Facility, Ellis And Hill Counties, Texas

On August 8 and 12, 2014, an intensive archeological survey was completed in order to evaluate potential archeological impacts associated with the proposed construction of a new natural gas generation facility within a 98.43-acre (39.8-hectare) parcel in Ellis and Hill Counties, Texas. Melissa M. Green (Principal Investigator) and Bill Bond of Cox|McLain Environmental Consulting, Inc. (CMEC) carried out the survey for Brazos Electric Power Cooperative, Inc. (BEPC) and the United States Department of Agriculture, Rural Utilities Service (USDA-RUS) under Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA), as amended. A Texas Antiquities Permit was not required. Ground surface visibility across the majority of the 98.43-acre area of potential effects (APE) was about 45 to 50 percent, although it was closer to 80 percent in the small wooded area on the south edge of the property. The bulk of the parcel consists of a dormant terraced agricultural field; 8.4 acres are on a wooded ridge above the field. A portion of ONCOR’s Venus Switch to Sam Switch 345kV transmission line right-of-way crosses the property at a slightly northeast to southwest orientation. A combination of intensive pedestrian survey with reconnaissance survey was utilized with the 8.4 acres of wooded ridgeline receiving the intensive survey and the remaining 90.03 acres assessed though reconnaissance. This was due to the intensive disturbances from the terraces, which were as high as 50 centimeters and equally as wide at their tops. Two historic-age domestic archeological sites were recorded from surface scatters identified during the survey. Site 41EL266 is a low-density scatter of glass, ceramic, and metal dating to the late nineteenth/early twentieth century. Site 41EL267 consisted of a large scatter of domestic and farm-related materials dating from the early to mid-twentieth century. Neither site is recommended eligible for the National Register of Historic Places. Shovel test units were excavated in order to examine the subsurface at the sites and in the field. No further work is recommended within the APE prior to construction. No materials were collected during the investigation; therefore, this project generated no archeological materials to be curated. Notes, photographs, administrative documents, and other project data will be made permanently available to future researchers at Texas Archeological Research Laboratory (TARL) at the University of Texas at Austin. If any unanticipated cultural materials or deposits are found at any stage of clearing, preparation, or construction, the work should cease and Texas Historical Commission (THC) personnel should be notified immediately. The THC concurred with the findings and recommendations of this report on December 8, 2014 (see Appendix A)

Archeological Trenching For The Proposed Big Fossil Creek Parallel Relief Sanitary Sewer Phase 1 And Haltom City Meter Station And Sewer Outfall Phase 3, Tarrant County, Texas

On February 19-20, 2015, archeological trenching and reconnaissance survey was completed in order to evaluate potential archeological impacts associated with the proposed construction of the Big Fossil parallel relief sewer line and the Haltom City sewer meter station and outfall in central Tarrant County, Texas. Melissa M. Green (Principal Investigator) of Cox|McLain Environmental Consulting, Inc. (CMEC) carried out the survey for City of Fort Worth, a subentity of the State of Texas, under Texas Antiquities Permit 7172 as required under the Antiquities Code of Texas (9 TNRC 191). Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA), as amended (16 USC 470; 36 CFR 800) also applied as a Nationwide 12 Permit will be obtained from the Fort Worth District of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE). Four trenches were excavated in undisturbed soils on either side of Big Fossil Creek in search of paleosols that might contain archeological deposits; none were identified. The remaining portions of the proposed sewer lines were subjected to reconnaissance survey as extensive disturbances and use of fill was apparent, including a long-closed Fort Worth landfill mound that the pipelines follow along its north and east boundaries. All materials (notes, photographs, administrative documents, and other project data) generated from this work will be housed at the Texas Archeological Research Laboratory (TARL) at the University of Texas at Austin where they will be made permanently available to future researchers as per 13 TAC 26.16-17. If any unanticipated cultural materials or deposits are found at any stage of clearing, preparation, or construction, the work should cease in that area and THC personnel should be notified immediately. During evaluation of the finds and coordination with the THC, clearing, preparation, and/or construction could continue in any other areas along the corridor where no such deposits or materials are observed. The Texas Historical Commission (THC) concurred with the findings and recommendations in this report on April 16, 2015

Archeological Survey for the Proposed Commercial Development at North Tarrant Parkway and Ray White Road (SWF-2019-00445), Fort Worth, Tarrant County, Texas

Winkelmann & Associates, Inc. plans to construct a new commercial enterprise comprising three commercial pads to be constructed on the approximately 14-acre (5.67-hectare) parcel in northwest Fort Worth in Tarrant County, Texas. Two of the three pads (eastern and western) are partially in place due to large quantities of fill dirt and bounders already on site; only the middle portion of the parcel will require additional fill prior to construction. On 27 November 2019, an archeological pedestrian survey augmented by shovel testing was completed to evaluate potential impacts associated with the project; the survey was conducted under pre-2020 Texas Historical Commission approved guidelines. A total of 14 acres (5.67 hectares) were examined and shovel testing was conducted within 4 acres (1.62 hectares) of the larger project area where development is proposed. The proposed development is in the northwest quadrant of the intersection of North Tarrant Parkway and Ray White Road, which has two unnamed tributaries of Whites Branch running through it. A Race Trac gas station/convenience store is situated in the immediate corner of the intersection and was excluded from survey. The area is in an urban setting surrounded by both commercial and residential development. The terrace edges that have been partially artificially modified for development and infrastructure for these developments and have somewhat altered the drainage within the floodplain. Melissa Green (Principal Investigator) and Corey Pursell of Cox|McLain Environmental Consulting, Inc. (CMEC) carried out the survey in support of a Clean Water Act Section 404 Permit (SWF-2019-00445) for the United States Corps of Engineers, Fort Worth District under Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended. A Texas Antiquities Permit was not required for this project. Based on background review of available data, the potential for intact archeological deposits was considered very low to none for both prehistoric and historic sites within the archeological area of potential effects. Ground surface visibility varied across the parcel between 0 and 30 percent and ranged from low grasses to shoulder-high grasses and young saplings. Large boulders and soil have been purposely placed and/or dumped along North Tarrant Parkway, partially creating the western pad and the west slope of the eastern pad proposed for construction; however, the remaining area is floodplain. Soils around the footings of the existing commercial pads are disturbed. Three shovel test units were excavated to examine the potential for subsurface archeological deposits in the areas in the floodplain that will be impacted by proposed construction; no additional shovel tests were attempted as these three were inundated at shallow levels. No evidence of historic or prehistoric deposits, materials, or features were identified, and no further work is recommended within the 14-acre area of potential effects. No artifacts were collected during the investigation however, all notes, photographs, administrative documents, and other project data will be housed at the CMEC Irving office and would be available to future researchers. If any unanticipated cultural materials or deposits are found at any stage of clearing, preparation, or construction, the work should cease, and Texas Historical Commission (THC) personnel should be notified immediately. The Texas Historical Commission concurred with the findings and recommendations present in this report on 5 August 2020

Intensive Archeological Survey For The Proposed Red Oak Interceptor Segment 40RO-1, Red Oak Creek Regional Water System, Ellis County, Texas

The Trinity River Authority has proposed the construction of approximately 1.2 miles of 48-inch sewer line along Red Oak Creek in Ellis County, Texas. The proposed interceptor would extend from just east of Farm-to-Market Road 342/South Central Boulevard to the Red Oak Creek Regional Water System Plant in Red Oak, and would be constructed within a 100-foot-wide combined temporary and permanent easement. The entire line is proposed for open trenching, except at Shawnee Road near the north end of the project, where the pipeline will be bored. Depths of impacts are expected to be no greater than 15 feet. An existing pipeline is located within the 100-foot-wide easement. The proposed archeological area of potential effects for this project is approximately 15 acres in size. The Trinity River Authority is a subentity of the State of Texas; therefore, the Antiquities Code of Texas (9 TNRC 191) applies to the project. Additionally, Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended (16 USC 470; 36 CFR 800) applies due to the necessity of a Section 404 Permit for the project. On November 28, 2017 and March 9, 2018, intensive and reconnaissance archeological surveys with mechanical trenching were completed in order to evaluate potential impacts associated with the proposed project to archeological sites or deposits. Two previously recorded archeological sites are located within or immediately adjacent to the project easement and were revisited. Melissa M. Green (Principal Investigator) and Brett Lang of Cox|McLain Environmental Consulting, Inc. carried out the survey for the Trinity River Authority under Texas Antiquities Permit 8221, as required under the Antiquities Code of Texas. Ground visibility ranged from 0 to 50 percent across the majority of the project corridor, with some areas exhibiting 80 to 100 percent ground visibility due to sparse vegetation in wooded areas, a worn two-track road, and clearing for geotechnical drilling. Eleven shovel tests were excavated within the corridor, including two shovel tests in the vicinity of site 41EL150, an early twentieth-century scatter; no archeological deposits, materials, or features were observed or encountered during the survey. Site 41EL151, recorded as bison bone eroding out of the creek bank, was also revisited; one shovel test and three backhoe trenches were excavated in the vicinity of the site but no evidence of it was observed. It is believed that both of these sites have been destroyed. All materials (notes, photographs, administrative documents, and other project data) generated from this work will be housed at the Center for Archeological Studies at Texas State University where they will be made permanently available to future researchers as per 13 TAC 26.16–17. If any unanticipated cultural materials or deposits are found at any stage of clearing, preparation, or construction, the work should cease in that area and Texas Historical Commission personnel should be notified immediately. During evaluation of the finds and coordination with the Texas Historical Commission, clearing, preparation, and/or construction could continue in any other areas along the corridor where no such deposits or materials are observed. The Texas Historical Commission concurred with the findings and recommendations of this report on April 10, 2018

Archeological Survey For The Proposed Brazos Electric Power Cooperative, Inc., Robert L. Reynolds ET AL. Substation, Little Elm, Denton County, Texas

0n December 2, 2014, an intensive archeological survey was completed in order to evaluate potential archeological impacts associated with the proposed construction of a new electrical substation within an approximately 20-acre (8-hectare) parcel in Little Elm, Denton County, Texas. Melissa M. Green (Principal Investigator) of Cox|McLain Environmental Consulting, Inc. (CMEC) carried out the survey for Brazos Electric Power Cooperative, Inc. (BEPC) and the United States Department of Agriculture, Rural Utilities Service (USDA-RUS) under Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA), as amended. A Texas Antiquities Permit was not required. Ground surface visibility across most of the 20-acre area of potential effects (APE) was variable and ranged between 0 and 50 percent. The APE is an active farm with three dwellings and associated outbuildings, pasture, and active cultivated fields. Two of the dwellings postdate 1962, while an older component, the original dwelling and outbuildings dates to the mid-1940s. The original dwelling (ca. 1945) and a nearby barn are recorded as site 41DN589. Artifacts found at site 41DN589 include glass and ceramics and date to the mid-twentieth century (1940s-1960s). Site 41DN589 is recommended as not eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). Although site 41DN589 still functions as a farm, as it was originally intended, and therefore maintains much of its original integrity through design, materials, and association, the site is one of many similar sites that still dot the landscape. Therefore, site 41DN589 is recommended as not eligible for listing on the NRHP and no further work is recommended within the APE. No artifacts were collected during the investigation. However, all notes, photographs, administrative documents, and other project data generated from this work will be made permanently available to future researchers while housed at Texas Archeological Research laboratory in Austin. If any unanticipated cultural materials or deposits are found at any stage of clearing, preparation, or construction, the work should cease and Texas Historical Commission (THC) personnel should be notified immediately. The THC concurred with the findings and recommendations of this report on January 7, 2015 (see Appendix A)

Intensive Archeological Survey For Proposed Road And Utility Improvements At The Spaceport Business Park, Midland International Air & Space Port, Midland County, Texas

In April 2015, an intensive archeological survey was completed in order to inventory and evaluate archeological resources within the footprint of proposed road and utility improvements at the Spaceport Business Park located on the southwest corner of the Midland International Air & Space Port. These improvements include construction of a new road approximately 0.476 mile (assuming 50-foot [ft] wide right-of-way) and 2.42 miles of new utilities (varying 15 to 50-ft wide right-of-way) within the Park. The road footprint is 4.8 acres (ac) or 1.9 hectares (ha) while the utilities corridors cover approximately 6.0 ac or 2.4 ha for a total of 10.8 ac or 4.3 ha. The work was carried out for the Midland International Air \u26 Space Port under Texas Antiquities Permit 7229 by Chris Dayton and Melissa Green (Principal Investigator) of Cox|McLain Environmental Consulting, Inc. (CMEC), a subcontractor to Mead & Hunt. Ground surfaces within the APE were moderately to highly visible (between 50 and 90 percent). Bedrock outcrops were encountered on the south side of the APE, illustrating the thinness of soil cover in this area. The APE has been subjected to extensive previous disturbance, including decades of airfieldrelated clearing and grading, railroad construction and maintenance, utility installation and maintenance, drainage modification, landscaping, and spreading of imported gravels. No suitable locations for productive shovel testing were found. No materials of archeological interest were found during pedestrian examination of the APE. The APE contains a historic-age railroad spur that follows approximately the orientation of the proposed roadway; the railroad is being assessed in a separate Mead & Hunt report regarding the built environment. No artifacts, features, deposits, sites, or other cultural resources were encountered during the survey, so there are no artifacts to be curated. However, all notes, forms, and other project data will be made permanently available to future researchers at Texas Archeological Research Laboratory (TARL) at the University of Texas at Austin per TAC 26.16 and 26.17. The Texas Historical Commission (THC) concurred with the findings and recommendations of this report on July 9, 2015